Collection of documents and materials. Perm Book Publishing House. 1984. 340 p.

The collection reveals the history of the Moscow State Historical and Archival Institute (MGIAI) - the only specialized university in the country for archival and document studies-from its creation to its 50th anniversary .1
Among publications on the history of individual higher educational institutions in the country, documentary collections are a relatively rare genre and do not yet have a strong archaeological tradition. Nevertheless, the importance of this type of publication for the formation of the scientific base of the history of higher education is great. For the Historical and Archival Institute, the beginning of the development of its history in this form is also deeply symbolic, since it directly reflects one of the main directions of its activity - training of historians and archivists, including document publishers.

The collection opens with an extensive introduction written on the basis of the documents published in it and containing an essay on the history of the institute and an archeographic section. According to the authors of the introduction, N. P. Krasavchenko, V. A. Murav'ev, and D. M. Epshtein, the collection "is of a popular scientific nature and aims to reveal the main directions of life and activity of the university staff over 50 years" (p.45).

The main part of the documents presented in the book are government and departmental resolutions, charters and regulations on the Institute, minutes and resolutions of the Academic Council and departments, reports, reports, letters, diplomas, memoirs. Identification of documents was carried out in the Central State Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the Central State Academy of Sciences of Moscow, the Archive of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the MGIAI Archive, personal archives, and the central and local periodicals. Unfortunately, some important documents describing the initial stage of the Institute's activity are missing from the collection, since part of its archive was lost in 1941.

The history of the institute, as noted in the introduction, "reflected the stages of growth of our country, the progressive movement of Soviet archival construction, historical science, document science and computer science, the laws of development of the Soviet higher school" (p. 3). Having emerged in 1930 as a small two-year higher educational institution for training state archives workers, the institute by the beginning of the 80-sIn the early 2000s, he grew up in a multi-branch humanitarian university. More than 12,000 of its graduates from the 1930s-80s work in the party and state apparatus of the country, archival institutions, research institutes, information centers, the press, radio and television.

Soviet historical science has received a large number of students and employees of the Institute - more than 40 doctors and 400 candidates of sciences (pp. 3-4). His pets have contributed to the development of culture, science, and archival affairs in the Union and autonomous republics. MGIAI received fundamental training

1 Compiled by P. P. Kovalev, G. I. Korolev, E. I. Lagutina, and D. M. Epstein. Editorial Board: N. P. Krasavchenko, G. S. Akimova, V. A. Murav'ev, A. T. Nikolaeva, N. A. Orlova, M. S. Seleznev, V. M. Ustinov, N. G. Filippov, D. M. Epstein.

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many historians are archivists and document specialists in the countries of the socialist commonwealth and developing countries.

The collection consists of four sections describing the main periods of development of the institute: its creation and formation (1930-1941); activity during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945); during the struggle for the complete and final victory of socialism (1946-1960); at the present stage (1960-1980The documents cover in detail the life of the MGIAI at each of these stages. The statute of the university and its regulations, the organizational structure (faculties, departments, offices, laboratories), the complex of subjects studied, the staff of teachers, the course and results of the educational process, the preparation and publication of educational literature, scientific work, the activities of party and public organizations, summer student semesters - this is not a complete list of the main issues reflected in the article. in the book. The introductory article contains the names of many graduates of the Institute - prominent Soviet historians, archivists, employees of the party and state apparatus, journalists, etc.

In accordance with the established archaeological norms and rules, to the development of which the MGIAI specialists made a significant contribution, each of the published documents is accompanied by a comment on the circumstances of its appearance, the content of unpublished parts (if the document is given in extracts), the mentioned persons or organizations, the results of the implementation of decisions made, the reflection of certain events, etc. phenomena in the historical and archival literature. It is unfortunate, however, that there are omissions in the archaeological design of published documents (doc. NN 106, 121, 131, 134, etc.).

The collection publishes the resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of September 3, 1930 signed by M. I. Kalinin, Ya. E. Rudzutak and A. S. Yenukidze "On the opening of the Institute of Archivology under the Central Archival Administration of the USSR and on the transfer of the Cabinet of Archivology under the Central Archival Administration of the RSFSR to the Subsequent documents show how, during the reform of higher education in the mid-1930s and the development of archival construction, a system of mass training of specialists who mastered Marxist-Leninist theory, historical and special knowledge, and were able to make radical changes in the country's archival affairs in the interests of building socialism was formed.

The first curriculum of the Institute 1931-1933, "Characteristics of the profiles of specialists prepared by the Institute of Archival Studies", " Charter of the Pokrovsky Historical and Archival Institute at the Central Administrative Academy of the USSR "(1933), fragments of reports, minutes of meetings of departments reflect the search for the profile of this educational institution, the ratio of fundamental historical knowledge in its curriculum. and special archival science disciplines, methods of training historians-archivists. The establishment of admission rules, the completion of the library and classrooms, the formation of postgraduate studies, the first successes in their studies, student Sundays on the construction of the metro - these and many other pages of the institute's daily life in the 30s reveal the documents published in the collection. N. V. Brzhostovskaya's memoirs about her studies at the Institute in the 1930s (doc. n. 16) are also a living testimony.

Unfortunately, the collection poorly covers the activities of prominent scientists of the 30s who took part in the creation and development of the Institute of Historical and Archival education. Among them were well-known archivists M. S. Vishnevsky, G. D. Kostomarov, V. V. Maksakov, archeographers A. I. Andreev and S. N. Valk, and expert on the history of primitive society V. K. Nikolsky. Academicians Yu. V. Gauthier and I. P. Trainin, corresponding members of the USSR Academy of Sciences (later academicians) S. B. Veselovsky and V. I. Picheta, and many others collaborated at the Institute; academicians M. N. Tikhomirov, V. M. Khvostov, and L. V. Cherepnin began their scientific and pedagogical activities here. One can only regret that the authors limited themselves to mentioning them in the introduction (p. 11, 17) - the contribution of these scientists to the work of the Institute deserved more attention and analysis.

The section of the collection Devoted To the period of the Great Patriotic War Is Informative. P. P. Smirnov, director of the Institute in 1941-1942, and his deputy K. Z. Kuznetsova talk about the first months of the war, teachers, and students

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P. P. Smirnov tells about the resumption of the activity of the Historical and Archival Institute in November 1941, when it was one of the few universities that worked in the capital (pp. 108-109). Published in the collection are memoirs and letters from the front of his pets M. S. Masyuk, P. I. Mishin, who passed through the hell of Auschwitz, V. Noreyko and others. One of the students of the Institute, pilot, guard Captain E. F. Trofimov, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, the military work of dozens of students and teachers was awarded military awards. The documents tell about the organization of the Institute's work, the composition of departments, the deployment of military-patriotic education of students and military-historical research. Even in those difficult conditions, the development of actual problems of historical science and archival science did not stop: the doctoral dissertations of P. P. Smirnov and I. L. Mayakovsky were defended, new programs and textbooks on the courses of archival science, history and organization of archival affairs in the USSR and abroad were developed (doc. NN 38, 41, etc.), university teachers they actively participated in the All-Union Conference of Historians and Archivists in June 1943.

The section covering the post-war years turned out to be poorer in documents. This is to be regretted, because it was at that time that, in general opinion, there was a significant upsurge in the institute's activity, which was reflected in the stabilization and growth of teaching staff, the development of the structure, differentiation of archival science disciplines, serious success in scientific work, and most importantly - in the personnel it trained (pp. 28-29). Here the above-mentioned disadvantage-the lack of documents about scientists who worked at the university in the 40-50s, such as V. V. Maksakov, A. A. Novoselsky, V. K. Yatsunsky, N. V. Ustyugov, V. E. Illeritsky, A. A. Zimin and many others-was most clearly reflected.

The last section of the collection, which characterizes the life of the Institute at the present stage, is more fully filled with documents. In the 60s - 80s, along with the staff of historians and archivists, the MGIAI trains specialists in the organization of state records management (doc. N 71) and scientific and technical information (doc. NN 86, 87), its structure became multi-faculty. The formation of new faculties and departments (doc. NN 88, 110, etc.) allowed the university to move to a comprehensive training of specialists for all types and forms of work with written documentation. At the same time, historical and archival education remained the leading one.

The section documents reveal the development of the institute's structure, the qualitative growth of teaching staff, the organization, progress and results of the educational process in various specialties, the setting of scientific work, the activities of students (educational, scientific, labor), and public organizations. The collection is completed by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 6, 1981 on awarding the MGIAI with the Order of the Badge of Honor and documents related to its 50th anniversary.

The book is provided with appendices, including tables of the number of teaching staff, the contingent of graduate students and students for 1931-1980, a list of textbooks and teaching aids prepared by the Institute's departments. The special significance of the collection is attached to the personal index containing brief biographical information about more than 750 teachers, employees and graduates of MGIAI.

Evaluating the publication as a whole positively, it is impossible not to note the excessive attachment of publishers to the materials of the Institute's collection, stored in the Moscow Central State Academy of Scientific Research, and insufficient attention to other types of documentation. As a result, the most valuable materials about the life and activities of the Institute - publications in the journals "Voprosy Istorii", "Istoriya SSSR", "Archivnoe Delo", "Sovetskie Archivy", etc., and documents from the personal collections of scientists who worked at the Institute-are not fully presented in the collection. This somewhat impoverished the picture of the MGIAI's scientific activity, the participation of its professors and teachers in solving major issues of historical science and archival studies.

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